The City of Santa Ana has established guidelines for backflow prevention and cross-connection control to protect the public water supply.
Santa Ana property owners are responsible for ensuring that backflow prevention devices are properly installed, tested annually, and maintained in good working order. Non-compliance with these regulations can lead to penalties, civil liabilities and the interruption of water service.
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Because backflow devices are critical to maintaining clean, safe water supplies, California State Water Districts, County Health Boards and Local Municipalities regulations mandate that only licensed and certified backflow technicians and plumbers who have the expertise, training, have the legal authority to perform repairs or replacements in compliance with regulations and with the necessary quality control to protect the public water system.
The City of Santa Ana enforces a robust Cross-Connection Control Program to safeguard its potable water supply from contamination due to backflow incidents. This program is in compliance with the California Code of Regulations, Title 17, and mandates the installation of approved backflow prevention devices at service connections where potential hazards are identified.
The City of Santa Ana enforces regulations related to Cross-Connection Control and Backflow Prevention to protect the safety and quality of its public water supply. These measures are designed to prevent the contamination of potable (drinking) water from potentially hazardous substances or non-potable water that could flow back into the water system due to backflow events. The regulations follow guidelines set by the California Code of Regulations (CCR) Title 17, as well as local Santa Ana municipal codes.
Backflow prevention devices must be installed according to Santa Ana’s plumbing and building codes as well as state standards. All devices must be approved by recognized certifying organizations, such as the Foundation for Cross-Connection Control and Hydraulic Research. Installation must be performed by either a certified backflow specialist or licensed plumber.
Backflow prevention devices must be tested annually by a certified backflow prevention device tester (C.B.P.D.T.). This test checks the device’s ability to prevent backflow and ensure it functions properly. Only licensed and certified professionals are authorized to conduct the testing. This ensures that the testing process is done correctly and meets city and state regulations. After testing, the results must be submitted to Santa Ana Public Works – Water Division. Reports must be submitted within 10 days of testing. Failure to submit the report on time can result in fines or suspension of water service.
Additionally, Santa Ana property owners are responsible for maintaining their backflow devices in good working order. This includes addressing any signs of wear, corrosion, or malfunction and making repairs as needed.If the device fails the test, it must be repaired or replaced immediately. Only a licensed plumber or certified backflow tester can perform repairs or replacements. After any repair or replacement, the device must be retested, and the results must be submitted to the Water Division. Regular maintenance is essential to ensure that devices continue to function effectively throughout the year.
Non-Compliance: Failure to comply with these requirements may result in penalties, including water service discontinuation.
The City of Santa Ana enforces backflow prevention regulations to protect its public water supply from contamination. These regulations aim to prevent backflow, the unwanted reverse flow of water that can introduce pollutants or contaminants into the potable water system by implementing:
- Backflow Prevention: The goal is to prevent harmful substances from being drawn into the public water supply through backflow. Backflow can occur when the water pressure drops, and contaminated water from a private system (like irrigation, fire suppression, or industrial equipment) reverses direction and enters the public drinking water system.
- Cross-Connection Control: A cross-connection is a point where a potable water system is connected to a non-potable or contaminated water source. Cross-connection control involves the installation and maintenance of systems or devices that prevent backflow and protect the water supply from contamination.
Santa Ana's regulations mandate the installation of various types of backflow prevention devices. Santa Ana's water system is managed by the City's Public Works Agency, which enforces backflow prevention measures in accordance with:
- California Code of Regulations Title 17: Outlines the requirements for backflow prevention and cross-connection control.
- Santa Ana Municipal Code: Provides detailed guidelines for implementing cross-connection control programs.
All backflow prevention devices must be approved by recognized standards agencies like the Foundation for Cross-Connection Control and Hydraulic Research at USC or other equivalent organizations.
Santa Ana’s regulations require the installation of approved backflow prevention assemblies (BPAs) in specific scenarios, including:
- Santa Ana Property Irrigation Systems: To prevent contaminants from entering the potable water supply through irrigation lines.
- Santa Ana Commercial and Industrial Properties: Facilities with potential cross-connections, such as those involving chemicals or pressurized systems, are required to install appropriate backflow prevention assemblies.
- Santa Ana Property Fire Protection Systems: To prevent stagnant water from fire suppression systems from flowing back into the drinking water supply.
- Santa Ana Property Auxiliary Water Sources: Properties with alternative water sources like wells or cisterns must install backflow prevention devices to prevent cross-contamination.
All devices must be approved by recognized certifying organizations, such as the Foundation for Cross-Connection Control and Hydraulic Research.
Failure to install a required backflow prevention assembly can result in termination of water service at your property by the City of Santa Ana until compliance is achieved.
To ensure the continued effectiveness of backflow prevention assemblies, the following backflow testing and maintenance protocols are required in Santa Ana:
- Santa Ana Backflow Installation Responsibility: Santa Ana property owners are responsible for installing backflow prevention assemblies as required by the city's regulations.
- Santa Ana Backflow Compliance: Santa Ana backflow installations must adhere to the city's standards, including specific device types and installation procedures.
- Santa Ana Annual Backflow Testing: All backflow prevention assemblies must be tested at least once a year by a certified tester.
- Santa Ana Post-Installation or Repair Backflow Testing: Any new installation, relocation, or repair of a backflow device requires immediate testing to confirm correct operation.
- Santa Ana Backflow Record Keeping: Test results must be submitted to the appropriate regulatory agency to maintain compliance records.
- Santa Ana Approved Backflow Devices: Only backflow prevention assemblies listed by recognized testing agencies are permitted. The USC-FCCCHR provides a comprehensive list of approved devices.
- Santa Ana Certified Backflow Testers: Testing must be conducted by individuals certified by the Orange County Health Care Agency (OCHCA). A directory of certified testers is available on the County's official website.
Failure to comply with Santa Ana backflow testing requirements can result in water service termination until compliance is achieved.
Types of Backflow Prevention Devices Required for Santa Ana Properties Include:
- Reduced Pressure (RP) Assemblies: These are high-hazard devices, often used in industrial or commercial settings where toxic substances may be used. They provide the highest level of protection with two check valves and a pressure relief valve.
- Double Check Valve (DC) Assemblies: These devices are typically used in residential and light commercial settings. They provide reliable protection against backflow for moderate risk situations (e.g., irrigation systems, fire sprinklers).
- Pressure Vacuum Breakers (PVB): Primarily used for irrigation systems, these devices prevent back-siphonage by introducing air into the system when the pressure drops.
- Atmospheric Vacuum Breakers (AVB): Simple devices that prevent back-siphonage but not backpressure. These are typically used for smaller irrigation systems or low-risk applications.
These backflow devices must be installed immediately downstream of the water meter and must be approved by recognized testing agencies. The University of Southern California’s Foundation for Cross-Connection Control and Hydraulic Research (USC-FCCCHR) provides a comprehensive list of approved devices.
The appropriate device is determined based on the degree of hazard present at the particular residential or commercial property in Santa Ana.
The City of Santa Ana requires that all backflow prevention devices must be tested annually and maintained in good working condition to ensure they are functioning properly. Tests, repair, replacement and reporting must be conducted by a certified backflow prevention tester.
Annual Backflow Testing: Backflow prevention devices must be tested annually by a certified backflow prevention device tester (C.B.P.D.T.). This test checks the device’s ability to prevent backflow and ensure it functions properly.
Certified Backflow Testers: Only licensed and certified professionals are authorized to conduct the testing. This ensures that the testing process is done correctly and meets city and state regulations.
Backflow Test Reports: After testing, the results must be submitted to Santa Ana Public Works – Water Division. The test report should include:
- Tester’s certification number
- Device information (make, model, serial number)
- Test results (pass/fail status)
- Date of the test
Backflow Reports must be submitted within 10 days of testing. Failure to submit the report on time can result in fines or suspension of water service.
Backflow Maintenance and Repairs:
- If the device fails the test, it must be repaired or replaced immediately. Only a licensed plumber or certified backflow tester can perform repairs or replacements.
- After any repair or replacement, the device must be retested, and the results must be submitted to the Water Division.
Regular maintenance is essential to ensure that devices continue to function effectively throughout the year.
Santa Ana property owners are responsible for ensuring that backflow prevention devices are properly installed, tested annually, and maintained in good working order. Non-compliance with the following regulations can lead to penalties, including the interruption of water service:
- Backflow Installation: Property owners must ensure that backflow prevention devices are properly installed according to city codes and regulations. This includes ensuring that the devices are installed in a location where they can be easily tested, inspected, and repaired.
- Annual Backflow Testing: Property owners are responsible for ensuring that backflow prevention devices are tested annually by a certified tester. Test reports must be submitted to the Santa Ana Water Division within the required timeframe (usually 10 days).
- Backflow Maintenance: Property owners are responsible for maintaining their backflow devices in good working order. This includes addressing any signs of wear, corrosion, or malfunction and making repairs as needed.
- Non-Compliance Penalties: If the property owner fails to submit test reports, a penalty fee may be charged. These fines can range from $50 to $200 depending on the severity of the violation. In some cases, water service may be interrupted until the property is brought into compliance.
The City of Santa Ana conducts thorough cross-connection inspections to monitor potential risks in both residential and commercial settings. These inspections are essential for maintaining water safety and preventing the backflow of contaminants into the public supply.
Below are the backflow inspection and installation guidelines for Santa Ana:
Mandatory Inspections: Santa Ana Public Works may perform routine inspections of backflow prevention devices, especially in properties where there is a higher risk of cross-connections, such as commercial, industrial, or multi-family buildings.
Voluntary Inspections: Santa Ana property owners can also request a voluntary inspection if they are concerned about the effectiveness of their backflow prevention system or believe there may be issues. These inspections are typically provided for a nominal fee.
Focus of Inspections: Inspections may focus on:
- Correct installation of backflow devices.
- Ensuring there are no cross-connections in the system.
- Verifying that backflow prevention devices are accessible for testing and maintenance.
Purpose of Inspections:
- Identify existing or potential cross-connections.
- Confirm that proper backflow prevention assemblies are installed.
- Evaluate whether device types match the hazard level.
- Enforce compliance where violations exist.
When Inspections Occur:
- During new construction, remodeling, or plumbing system upgrades.
- When a new service connection is initiated for commercial or industrial properties.
- Periodically, based on a property's risk profile or device testing history.
- In response to complaints or observed irregularities in water system behavior.
Inspection Process:
1. Advance Notice: Property owners are informed by the City before the inspection.
2. Onsite Visit: A certified Cross-Connection Specialist inspects the plumbing and device setup.
3. Hazard Assessment: The inspector evaluates system complexity and potential contamination risks.
4. Reporting: A written inspection report is issued with required actions or corrections.
5. Follow-Up: Re-inspections are scheduled for any deficiencies or outstanding issues.
Consequences for Non-Compliance:
- Water service may be suspended or disconnected.
- Re-inspection or administrative fees may be applied.
- Continued violations may result in legal penalties per the city code.
Proper testing and maintenance of backflow prevention devices are essential for compliance with local regulations and for safeguarding community health. The City of Santa Ana has the following requirements for testing, certification, and documentation of backflow prevention assemblies:
Testing Fees: The cost for testing is typically paid to the certified backflow tester. The testing fee usually ranges from $50 to $150, depending on the complexity and type of device.
Penalty Fees: If a backflow prevention device test is not submitted on time or if repairs are not made promptly, property owners may incur penalties. These can include:
- Late fees for failure to submit test reports on time.
- Non-compliance fines ranging from $50 to $200 or more.
- Water service fees if service is suspended due to non-compliance.
Inspection Fees: If the City conducts an inspection or retest, the cost of the inspection is typically borne by the property owner and can range from $50 to $200 depending on the scope of the inspection.
The City of Santa Ana has a comprehensive set of regulations in place to ensure backflow prevention and cross-connection control to safeguard its public water supply.
California Code of Regulations (CCR) Title 17: This state regulation provides the framework for backflow prevention and cross-connection control in California. Defines cross-connection control program responsibilities for public water systems.
Santa Ana Municipal Code: Santa Ana’s municipal code contains specific regulations for backflow prevention. Establishes authority, device requirements, inspection rights, and enforcement tools. Property owners must comply with local amendments and codes regarding device installation, maintenance, and testing.
Additional Codes:
- California Health and Safety Code (Sections 116800-116830): These sections govern the protection of public water systems and set standards for backflow prevention.
- Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC): Santa Ana follows the Uniform Plumbing Code, which specifies requirements for backflow prevention devices, their installation, and maintenance.
- USC Foundation for Cross-Connection Control which lists approved backflow prevention assemblies and testing protocols.
- AWWA Manual M14 which is referenced for installation practices, hazard assessments, and maintenance recommendations.
For questions, to submit test reports, or to schedule a test, property owners can contact the Santa Ana Public Works Water Division:
- Santa Ana Public Works - Backflow Prevention
- Phone: (714) 647-3380
For further guidance or assistance with backflow prevention compliance, Santa Ana homeowners and businesses may contact the City of Santa Ana Public Works - Water Division for resources and support. Here is a outline of special circumstances pertaining to backflow assembly installation, testing and repair which require special attention:
- Emergency Backflow Events: In cases where a backflow event is detected or suspected, property owners should immediately shut off water to prevent contamination and contact the Santa Ana Water Division for assistance. In some cases, the City may temporarily disconnect water service to prevent further issues.
- Irrigation Systems: Properties with irrigation systems are particularly susceptible to backflow issues due to the use of chemicals, fertilizers, or other non-potable water. In these cases, backflow prevention devices such as Pressure Vacuum Breakers (PVB) or Double Check Valves (DC) are often required.
- Multi-Family and Commercial Properties: These types of properties are often subject to more stringent requirements due to their larger and more complex plumbing systems. As a result, these properties may need to undergo more frequent inspections and testing to ensure compliance.
Santa Ana, the county seat of Orange County, is a historically rich and culturally vibrant city that plays a central role in Southern California’s political, legal, and cultural landscape. With a population of over 310,000, Santa Ana is one of the most densely populated large cities in the state and serves as a key urban core for the region—home to government institutions, heritage sites, artistic districts, and an economically dynamic, majority-Latino population.
Founded in 1869 and incorporated in 1886, Santa Ana is one of the oldest cities in Southern California. Originally developed as a regional hub of agriculture and rail commerce, it has since evolved into a major civic and economic center. Today, Santa Ana houses the Orange County Superior Court, Orange County Government Center, and numerous state and federal agency offices, cementing its role as the administrative and legal heart of the county.
The city’s historic downtown is a defining feature of its identity. Downtown Santa Ana (DTSA) blends turn-of-the-century architecture with modern creativity, offering a unique mix of civic institutions, arts venues, restaurants, and boutique businesses. Fourth Street, once known as “Calle Cuatro,” is a vibrant corridor that reflects the city’s Latino cultural heritage and has undergone revitalization with new galleries, cafés, and events that draw visitors from across the region. Notable events such as Noche de Altares, Viva Santa Ana!, and First Saturday Artwalk highlight the city’s deep artistic and community roots.
One of Santa Ana’s most significant cultural institutions is the Bowers Museum, an acclaimed museum with collections and exhibitions that span world cultures, including Native American, Latin American, Pacific Islander, and Asian art. Nearby, the Discovery Cube Orange County, a hands-on science museum, serves as an educational destination for families and school groups from across Southern California. The Heritage Museum of Orange County, located in a preserved historic district, offers immersive experiences in local and regional history.
Santa Ana is also home to Santa Ana College, one of the oldest and most respected community colleges in the state. The college provides workforce development, transfer programs, and continuing education, and plays a key role in the city’s educational and economic mobility efforts. In addition, California Coast University and satellite campuses of other institutions contribute to higher education access in the area.
Parks and public spaces are integral to the city's civic life. Santiago Park, a large greenbelt with nature trails and sports facilities, connects residents to natural spaces along the Santa Ana River. Centennial Regional Park, Delhi Park, and Memorial Park are important venues for recreation, youth sports, and public events. The city’s Santa Ana Zoo at Prentice Park, with its focus on Central and South American wildlife, is a local landmark and family favorite.
The city has a long-standing reputation for political activism, labor organizing, and civic engagement. With more than 75% of its population identifying as Hispanic or Latino—many of Mexican and Central American descent—Santa Ana is a powerful center of Latino political representation and cultural life in Southern California. Organizations such as Latino Health Access, El Centro Cultural de México, and local labor groups support a broad spectrum of public health, cultural preservation, and social justice initiatives.
Santa Ana’s strategic location near the I-5, SR-55, and SR-22 freeways, along with Santa Ana Regional Transportation Center (SARTC)—a major rail and bus terminal—ensures strong regional connectivity. The city is also served by John Wayne Airport (SNA), located just to the south, offering both domestic and limited international air service. Santa Ana’s central position makes it a vital connector between Los Angeles, inland Orange County, and coastal communities.
Santa Ana continues to evolve through ambitious redevelopment plans, including downtown mixed-use projects, affordable housing initiatives, and sustainability upgrades. The Station District, Bristol Corridor improvements, and adaptive reuse of historic buildings are part of a larger vision to support economic growth while maintaining community character. The city is also investing in bike-friendly infrastructure, green space restoration, and climate resilience strategies to meet 21st-century environmental goals.
